BCF Publications and Guides
Ref: G002, May 2004
One of the complaints levelled at all paint manufacturers concerns moisture blistering, which is probably one of the hardest problems to explain to the repairer on the bodyshop floor. With inclement weather conditions, there are bound to be some cars developing moisture blistering which is more often than not blamed on the paints used. The bodyshop rarely realises that the blistering is due either to application, conditions in which the vehicle is sprayed, preparation, or indeed the weather itself.
The cause of blistering is saturation of the film by exceptional levels of atmospheric humidity, together with the presence of water-soluble materials, either absorbed into the film or present on the surface before painting. The blisters are formed when the moisture eventually escapes from the film as humidity decreases and temperature increases. The pressures formed in the film are enormous and often sufficient to deform the film into blisters. Where very low temperatures are involved, moisture freezes in the film and this leads to weakness in adhesion, which make the subsequent blistering much more likely.
One of the main causes of this phenomenon is osmotic pressure developed by the meeting under and in between the different layers microblistering. It may be that contamination is caused by moisture or even road salt. If a vehicle has been subjected to road salt and this is not very thoroughly flatted out of the film, osmotic blistering will occur when it is repainted.
Ref: G005, Jan 09
General
Users are advised that the actual paint colour from the container might not be identical to that shown on shade cards, brochures or in photographs. The differences can be caused by a number of factors that will result in colour variation, these include different substrates, different level of gloss which will affect the perceived colour, different angle of viewing, the level and type (fluorescent, tungsten, natural daylight etc.) of lighting.
Uniform Colour
A major problem is that people start painting an area and run out of paint, buy more and then notice that the two colours are not exactly the same. This sheet gives some advice and steps to take to avoid this happening. It also includes some information as to why different containers of what is the 'same' colour might look different when applied.
How Much Paint?
To minimise problems of having too little or too much paint it is important to calculate as best you can how much paint you will need.
In-Store Tinted Paint and Ready Mixed Paints
Do not use both ready mixed paints (those already in the container with specified colour) with in-store tinted paints (paints prepared in store using base and tinters). This is because there is always a tolerance in producing any colour and it is likely that when produced in a manufacturing plant it will differ to that made up in a store.
Ref: G015, Jan 14
CE Marking
As part of the requirement of the Construction Products Regulation (CPR) (305/2011EC) products that comply with this regulation have to carry the CE mark either on the product and/or on the attached information that accompanies the product. To meet the requirements of the CPR the product has to conform to a ‘harmonised standard’ (hENs)*.
The CPR also requires that products that are in scope have a Declaration of Performance (DoP) that goes with the product, this will give information on the hEN that the product complies with.
Paints
Many companies have been asked why are their paints which are used in/on construction products are not CE marked. The simple answer is that there is no harmonised standard that the paint can be tested against to see if it meets any specific requirements. Without a standard it CANNOT be CE marked.
Standards
The European Commission issues Mandates which lay out ‘essential requirements’ that a product has to meet to comply with the Construction Products Regulation.
Ref: G024 v1.1 Dec 2016
Introduction
Coatings are used for the protection and decoration of buildings, structures, vehicles and articles. Coatings are applied to various substrates including wood, plastic, metal, and building materials. Colour accuracy, consistency, and ensuring the correct specification and colour shade is selected, are of prime importance to coatings manufacturers, coatings applicators and end customers.
It is possible for colour differences to be perceived on the final coated substrate for a number of reasons, some of which may be unavoidable due to the coating and application technology. Colour variations can be caused by a number of factors including different substrate, film thickness, gloss level, angle of viewing, smoothness of film, application and drying method, application and paint conditions, and lighting type.
Applied coatings may differ in colour from an agreed standard; in addition, there may be batch to batch variations. The magnitude of any perceptible difference between two colour tones may or may not be acceptable to the customer. A colour tolerance value nominally acceptable on paper can give rise to a distinctly appreciable colour deviation due to how humans visually perceive colour.
It should be noted that coatings are industrially-manufactured products and, as such, are subject to inherent deviations owing to their industrially-manufactured raw materials and their preparation processes.
Metallic and effect shades (e.g. aluminised or pearlescent finishes) are very complex with regard to colour and so are not included in this guidance document.
Colour Appearance
Colour appearance can be influenced by a number of variables. One of the most important of these is the light source. Apparently similar colours formulated using different colourants can appear very different when viewed under different lighting conditions. This is known as metamerism . Certain colours can be more prone to metamerism than others. To minimise the potential for metamerism, the aim should be to use, where possible, the same choice and combination of colourants to those used in the original colour, and no more than four colorants. Coating manufacturers rely on light boxes with specified lighting sources included, to standardise the colour comparison procedure e.g. D65 (artificial daylight), CIE Illuminant A (tungsten filament light), TL84 (fluorescent light). It is vital to ensure these are well maintained.
Colour Matching
Due to the variations for finished coated objects and building components, it is important for any two coatings to be compared under the same circumstances, i.e. samples must be applied on test panels under stated standardised laboratory conditions.
Ref: HS 027 October 2012
1. Introduction
a) What products contain antifouling actives/biocides?
The product label and manufacturer’s safety datasheet should be consulted as to whether the product is an antifouling coating.
These coatings are those used to keep fouling and marine growth off ships, boats and marine structures by the use of ‘active ingredients’.
b) Who is this guidance for?
The guidance is aimed at applicators and mangers of applicators who are applying antifouling coatings in dry docks, installations and on site principally by spray-application. It applies to the coating of ships, marine vessels and other substrates/structures that due to their size generally have to be coated outside of spray booths or spray areas. Much of the guidance applies equally to all spray-applied coatings.
This guidance does not cover amateur or DIY use.
c) What does it cover?
Health effects of antifouling coatings (section 2) Routes of exposure (section 3) What are antifouling coatings (section 4) Controls that should be taken when applying antifouling coatings (section 5) Precautions in handling and use of antifouling-containing materials (section 5) Guidelines on housekeeping and spillages (section 6) Training of personnel (section 7) Control monitoring (section 8)
NOTE: This is a best practice document and is no substitute for the shipyard carrying out its own risk assessment. It does not supersede the material safety datasheet.
2. Health Effects of Antifouling Coatings
Spraying of paints containing antifouling active ingredients (biocides) may be a major source of exposure. Spray mists contain air-borne particles that can be inhaled which can be hazardous due to the biocides (active ingredients) that give the paint its antifouling properties. The hazards will vary from one antifouling to another and the manufacturer’s safety data sheet and product labels should be read before the use of these coatings.
Antifouling coatings can be mild skin irritants and in rare cases may cause dermatitis and/or skin sensitisation.
a) What are the hazards of antifouling paints
Ref: HS032, Dec 15
1. Purpose of This Document
Lead pigments were taken out of most paints in the 1960s and lead pigments and driers (at very low levels) were completely removed from decorative paints by the early 1980s. Many wood or metal surfaces painted before the 1960s could contain significant levels of lead.
Lead pigments, either as a white pigment (lead carbonate/lead sulphate) or sometimes as a colouring pigment (yellow and red lead chromes) were widely used in decorative paints applied in houses and other buildings (schools, hospitals etc.) prior to the 1960’s. Although leaded paint has not been used for many decades old lead painted surfaces can still be found, and can represent a possible source of exposure.
The BCF and our UK decorative paint members want to ensure that the general public, and professional painters and decorators, are fully aware of the potential risks to people in homes, commercial properties and public buildings associated with the renovation of painted surfaces that contain lead. We recommend the adoption of these best practices, protecting decorators and others from the exposure to any disturbed old lead painted surfaces during removal and repainting activities. We have also included a comprehensive set of web links to other organisations, which provide additional support on this subject (please note that links and mention of third parties do not imply or confer endorsement by the BCF).
This document is intended for the general public; there is an additional document HS034 available for professional decorators, with more comprehensives information, from the BCF website.
2. Do’s and Don’ts
Ref: HS038, Dec 16
Background
Pigment Yellow 34 (Lead sulfochromate yellow) and Pigment Red 104 (lead chromate molybdate sulfate red) have been used in some industrial paints for many years. The introduction of the REACH regulation by the EU raised concerns whether their use would be allowed to continue.
DCC Maastricht BV, representing Dominion Colour Corporation (DCC), has been granted an authorisation under the REACH regulation to place on the market these substances and for these to be used in industrial and professional paints for specified uses for 7 and 4 years respectively.(1). Paints imported or manufactured in the EU that contain the substances must use DCC pigments as only they have been granted the authorisation.
Our industrial paint manufacturing members requested we prepare a note summarising the impact the authorisation will have on industrial paints so they can use this as part of their communication with their customers by way of introduction.
This note is only a very short summary. You must ensure that you read and follow the full information your paint manufacturer will be giving you which will run into several pages. If you don’t buy direct from a manufacturer, then your supplier has a legal duty to give you this information. If they don’t please request it from them.
Who Can Buy and/or Use Paints Containing Pigment Yellow 34 and Pigment Red 104?
Only industrial or professional users can buy paints containing these substances where an:
- Industrial user: workers who use chemical products in an industrial site, which can be large or small (2) for example a production line situation.
- Professional users: skilled/trained workers who use chemical products outside an industrial setting (2) for example a professional painter/maintenance worker for non-consumer applications.
It is illegal to sell paints containing these substances to consumers (i.e. the general public) or for the general public to use them.
Where Can Paints Containing These Substances be Used?
Please see our blog post: Painting the Walls around a Fireplace or Multi Fuel Stove
See our blog post for our range of Upgrades For Fire Doors and, if you have any questions regarding exactly what you need, please contact our technical support team on 0113 2455450 (option 2) or send a message to [email protected].
Yes we stock Zinsser Allcoat Exterior in waterbased and solvent based.
This is available in most RAL and BS colours in a matt, satin or gloss finish.
Hollow doors are not suitable to be upgraded, we have contacted you directly for more information regarding the solid timber doors.